Brief Bio

Constance Johnson is an Associate Professor and a health informatician with interdisciplinary training in nursing and health informatics at the Duke University School of Nursing. She has a secondary appointment in the Department of Community and Family Medicine in the Duke University School of Medicine. She earned her BSN from the University of Connecticut and her MS and PhD from the School of Biomedical Informatics at the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston. She has over 25 years of experience in research and informatics in the area of health promotion and disease prevention.

Dr. Johnson’s current research interests in health informatics include human-computer interaction, and how the representation and visualization of information impacts health care decisions in the area of disease prevention and health promotion. As a Primary Investigator, she has received research funding from the National Cancer Institute, National Library of Medicine, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, AHRQ, and RENCI. She is also a Co-Investigator and Co-PI on various on various other grants in the area of Health Informatics. Dr. Johnson has numerous publications and has presented her work both nationally and internationally. Dr. Johnson mentors Master’s, DNP, and PhD students.

Academic Program Affiliations

PhD in Nursing Program
Doctor of Nursing Practice Program
Master of Science in Nursing Program

Education

PhD	The University of Texas School of Biomedical Informatics at Houston
MS	The University of Texas School of Biomedical Informatics at Houston
BSN	University of Connecticut

Research Interests

Dr. Johnson's research interests include human-computer interaction and how presentation of information impacts health-related decisions in the areas of cancer prevention and diabetes. For example, her R03 study (1 R03 CA132562-01), “Strategies to help inform colorectal cancer risk magnitudes” focused on developing an intervention that addressed different dimensions of risk and assessed how people’s reactions and understanding on various dimensions of risk were related to intentions to screen for colorectal cancer. Her R21 study (R21LM010727-01), “Second Life Impacts Diabetes Education & Self-Management (SLIDES)” assessed the feasibility and acceptability of using a virtual environment to provide self-management interventions to people with type 2 diabetes on the Internet. Her AHRQ grant, “EHR Information Design and Usability Toolkit” developed a model for a toolkit to assess how well the usability and information design of health IT systems supports primary care clinicians in delivering care. Dr. Johnson was also the Co-I on another AHRQ grant, “Development of a Model Electronic Health Record Format for Children” where her primary role was to conduct usability studies. She is also currently a Co-PI on a grant titled, “Visualization of Multidimensional Data Obtained from a Virtual Environment Intervention” awarded by RENCI@Duke Faculty Engagement Program in Applied Scientific and Information Visualization to work on models to visualize the multidimensional data collected during her R21 study. Her current R01 study (1R01-HL118189-01), “Diabetes Self–Management & Support LIVE (Learning in Virtual Environments)” is evaluating the efficacy of a technologically based bio–behavioral diabetes self–management training and support (DSMT/S) intervention in a virtual gaming environment.

Awards and Honors

• 2014 Outstanding Author Contribution in the 2014 Emerald Literati Network Awards for Excellence, Emerald Group Publishing, Ltd

• 2012 Harriet H. Werley Award, AMIA 2012 Annual Symposium

• 2011 Nurse Leader, Sigma Theta Tau International Honor Society of Nursing

• 2010 Marlene Kramer Outstanding Alumni Award for Research in Nursing, University of Connecticut School of Nursing

• 2007 Best Poster Award, 60th Annual Symposium on Cancer Research (University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, Oct. 11-13, 2007)

• 2004 Patent awarded, 11/3/2004: U.S. Patent No. 6,821,784 B1 and Canadian Patent No. 2,373,598

• 2000 Merit Scholarship Recipient, Association for Women in Science Gulf Coast Chapter, Houston, Texas

• 1999 Scholarship recipient, Committee on the Status of Women, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston

Areas of Expertise

• Chronic Illness
• Health Disparities
• Informatics
• Psychiatric / Behavioral Health
• Research Methods

Areas of Interest

• Health Informatics
• Human-computer interaction
• Colorectal cancer prevention
• Diabetes prevention
• Qualitative analysis
• Visualization methods of analysis
• Research methods

Representative Publications

• 2015 -- Pubmed # 26436297 Jenko, M., Adams, J. A., Johnson, C. M., Thompson, J. A., Bailey Jr, D. E. Facilitating Palliative Care Referrals in the Intensive Care Unit: A Pilot Project. Dimens Crit Care Nurs. Nov-Dec, 2015; 34(6); 329-39

• 2015 -- Pubmed # 26505161 Vorderstrasse, A. A., Melkus, G. D., Pan, W., Lewinski, A. A., Johnson, C. M. Diabetes Learning in Virtual Environments: Testing the Efficacy of Self-Management Training and Support in Virtual Environments (Randomized Controlled Trial Protocol). Nurs Res. November-December, 2015; 64(6); 485-93

• 2015 -- Pubmed # 26484762 Zozus, M. N., Pieper, C., Johnson, C. M., Johnson, T. R., Franklin, A., Smith, J., Zhang, J. Factors Affecting Accuracy of Data Abstracted from Medical Records. PLoS One. October, 2015; 10(10); e0138649

• 2015 -- Shaw, R. J., Horvath, M. M., Leonard, D., Ferranti, J;. M., Johnson, C. M. Developing a user-friendly interface for a self-service healthcare research portal: cost-effective usability testing Health Systems. July, 2015; 40 151-158

• 2015 -- Pubmed # 25993463 Rose, M. A., Hanna, L. A., Nur, S. A., Johnson, C. M. Utilization of electronic modified early warning score to engage rapid response team early in clinical deterioration. J Nurses Prof Dev. May-June, 2015; 31(3); E1-7

• 2015 -- Pubmed # 25238257 Pereira, K., Phillips, B., Johnson, C., Vorderstrasse, A. Internet delivered diabetes self-management education: a review. Diabetes Technol Ther. January, 2015; 17(1); 55-63

• 2014 -- Pubmed # 24451083 Vorderstrasse, A., Shaw, R. J., Blascovich, J., Johnson, C. M. A theoretical framework for a virtual diabetes self-management community intervention. West J Nurs Res. October, 2014; 36(9); 1222-37 PMCID: PMC4296559

• 2014 -- Pubmed # 25010237 Nagler, A., Schlueter, J., Johnson, C., Griffith, B., Prewitt, J., Sloane, R., Adams, M. Calling for collaboration: piloting smartphones to discover differences between users and devices. Teach Learn Med. July, 2014; 26(3); 258-65

• 2014 -- Pubmed # 24853065 Shaw, R. J., Steinberg, D. M., Zullig, L. L., Bosworth, H. B., Johnson, C. M., Davis, L. L. mHealth interventions for weight loss: a guide for achieving treatment fidelity. J Am Med Inform Assoc. May, 2014; 2014 1-5

• 2014 -- Pubmed # 24713420 Johnson, C., Feinglos, M., Pereira, K., Hassell, N., Blascovich, J., Nicollerat, J., Beresford, H. F., Levy, J., Vorderstrasse, A. Feasibility and preliminary effects of a virtual environment for adults with type 2 diabetes: pilot study. JMIR Res Protoc. April, 2014; 3(2); e23

• 2013 -- Park, E. (features C. Johnson, A. Vorderstrasse) Duke’s virtual reality world tackles diabetes WNCN (Raleigh, NC). November 15, 2013;

• 2013 -- Pubmed # 24050486 Shaw, R. J., Bosworth, H. B., Silva, S. S., Lipkus, I. M., Davis, L. L., Sha, R. S., Johnson, C. M. Mobile health messages help sustain recent weight loss. Am J Med. November, 2013; 126(11); 1002-9 PMCID: PMC3820279

• 2013 -- Pubmed # 24153204 Harrington, L., Clyne, K., Fuchs, M. A., Hardison, V., Johnson, C. Evaluation of the use of bar-code medication administration in nursing practice using an evidence-based checklist. J Nurs Adm. November, 2013; 43(11); 611-7

• 2013 -- Johnson, C., Feenan, K., Setliff, G., Pereira, K., Hassell, N., Beresford, H. F., Epps, S., Nicollerat, J., Tatum, W., Feinglos, M., Vorderstrasse, A. Building a virtual environment for diabetes self-management education and support International Journal of Virtual Communities and Social Networking (IJVCSN). July-September, 2013; 5(3); 68-80

• 2013 -- Pubmed # 23755942 De Gagne, J. C., Oh, J., Kang, J., Vorderstrasse, A. A., Johnson, C. M. Virtual worlds in nursing education: a synthesis of the literature. J Nurs Educ. July, 2013; 52(7); 391-6

• 2013 -- Pubmed # 23563998 Johnson, C. M., Wei, C., Ensor, J. E., Smolenski, D. J., Amos, C. I., Levin, B., Berry, D. A. Meta-analyses of colorectal cancer risk factors. Cancer Causes Control. June, 2013; 24(6); 1207-22

• 2013 -- Shaw, R. J., Bosworth, H.B., Hess, J.C., Silva, S., Lipkus, I., Davis, L.L., Johnson, C.M. Development of a theoretically driven mHealth short message service (SMS) application for sustaining weight loss. JMIR mHealth and uhealth. 2013; 1(1); e5

• 2013 -- Kitzmiller, R. R., McDaniel, R. R., Johnson, C. M., Lind, E. A., Anderson, R. A. Exploring interpersonal behavior and team sensemaking during health information technology implementation. In Advances in Health Care Management 14: Leading in Health Care Organizations: Improving Safety, Satisfaction and Financial Performance, edited by Simons, T. and Leroy, J. and Savage, G. T. 2013; pp. 119-144. Bingley, U.K.: Emerald Group Publishing Limited.

• 2012 -- Pubmed # 23304313 Johnson, C. M., Shaw, R. J. A usability problem: conveying health risks to consumers on the internet. AMIA Annu Symp Proc. November, 2012; 2012(6); 427-35

• 2011 -- Johnson, C. M., Johnston, D., Crowley, P. K., Culbertson, H., Rippen, H. E., Damico, D. J., Plaisant, C. EHR Usability Toolkit: A Background Report on Usability and Electronic Health Records (AHRQ Publication No. 11-0084-EF) August, 2011; Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality.

• 2011 -- Pubmed # 22066032 Shaw, R. J., Johnson, C. M. Health Information Seeking and Social Media Use on the Internet among People with Diabetes. Online J Public Health Inform. June 22, 2011; 3(1); pii: 3561

• 2011 -- Johnson, C. M., Corazzini, K. N., Shaw, R. Assessing the feasibility of using virtual environments in distance education. Knowledge Management & E-Learning: An International Journal. March, 2011; 3(1); 5-16

• 2011 -- Pubmed # 21396486 Taylor, H. A., Sullivan, D., Mullen, C., Johnson, C. M. Implementation of a user-centered framework in the development of a web-based health information database and call center. J Biomed Inform. March, 2011; 44(5); 897-908

• 2011 -- Pubmed # 21323026 Harrington, L., Kennerly, D., Johnson, C. Safety issues related to the electronic medical record (EMR): synthesis of the literature from the last decade, 2000-2009. J Healthc Manag. January-February, 2011; 56(1); 31-43; discussion 43-4

• 2010 -- Pubmed # 21346998 Johnson, C. M., Nahm, M., Shaw, R. J., Dunham, A., Newby, K., Dolor, R., Smerek, M., Del Fiol, G., Zhang, J. Can prospective usability evaluation predict data errors? AMIA Annu Symp Proc. November 13, 2010; 2010 346-50 PMCID: PMC3041437

• 2010 -- Pubmed # 20881640 Stewart, D. J., Johnson, C., Lopez, A., Glisson, B., Rhee, J. M., Bekele, B. N. Extensive disease small cell lung cancer dose-response relationships: implications for resistance mechanisms. J Thorac Oncol. November, 2010; 5(11); 1826-34 PMCID: PMC2966343

• 2010 -- Pubmed # 20879622 Phillips, B., Shaw, R. J., Sullivan, D. T., Johnson, C. Using virtual environments to enhance nursing distance education. Creat Nurs. August, 2010; 16(3); 132-5

• 2009 -- Johnson, C. M., Vorderstrasse, A., Shaw, R. Virtual environments in health care higher education. Journal of Virtual Worlds Research. August, 2009; 2(2); 2-9

• 2008 -- Nahm, M., Johnson, C.M., Walden, C.A., Johnson, T., Zhang, J. Clinical research data management tasks and definitions. Data Basics. 2008; 16(1);

• 2007 -- Pubmed # 17991360 Johnson, C. M., Smolenski, D. Risk assessment models to estimate cancer probabilities. Curr Oncol Rep. November, 2007; 9(6); 503-8

• 2007 -- Johnson, C. M., Turley, J. P. A new approach to building web-based interfaces for healthcare consumers. Electronic Journal of Health Informatics. 2007; 2(2); e8

• 2007 -- Pubmed # 17566544 Bernstam, E. V., Pancheri, K. K., Johnson, C. M., Johnson, T. R., Thomas, E. J., Turley, J. P. Reasons for after-hours calls by hospital floor nurses to on-call physicians. Jt Comm J Qual Patient Saf. 2007; 33(6); 342-9

• 2006 -- Pubmed # 16085454 Johnson, C. M., Turley, J. P. The significance of cognitive modeling in building healthcare interfaces. Int J Med Inform. 2006; 75(2); 163-72

• 2005 -- Pubmed # 15694887 Johnson, C. M., Johnson, T. R., Zhang, J. A user-centered framework for redesigning health care interfaces. J Biomed Inform. 2005; 38(1); 75-87

• 2005 -- Pubmed # 16779285 Johnson, C., Ensor, J., Amos, C., Spitz, M., Peterson, S., Levin, B., Berry, D. A. An informatics tool to assess colon cancer risk. AMIA Annu Symp Proc. 2005; 998 PMCID: PMC1560488

• 2004 -- Pubmed # 15063378 Johnson, T. R., Zhang, J., Tang, Z., Johnson, C., Turley, J. P. Assessing informatics students' satisfaction with a web-based courseware system. Int J Med Inform. 2004; 73(2); 181-7

• 2003 -- Pubmed # 12910244 Traverso, G., Diehl, F., Hurst, R., Shuber, A., Whitney, D., Johnson, C., Levin, B., Kinzler, K. W., Vogelstein, B. Multicolor in vitro translation. Nat Biotechnol. 2003; 21(9); 1093-7

• 2002 -- Pubmed # 11844514 Traverso, G., Shuber, A., Olsson, L., Levin, B., Johnson, C., Hamilton, S. R., Boynton, K., Kinzler, K. W., Vogelstein, B. Detection of proximal colorectal cancers through analysis of faecal DNA. Lancet. 2002; 359(9304); 403-4

• 2002 -- Pubmed # 11821507 Traverso, G., Shuber, A., Levin, B., Johnson, C., Olsson, L., Schoetz Jr, D. J., Hamilton, S. R., Boynton, K., Kinzler, K. W., Vogelstein, B. Detection of APC mutations in fecal DNA from patients with colorectal tumors. N Engl J Med. 2002; 346(5); 311-20

• 2001 -- Pubmed # 11390535 Dong, S. M., Traverso, G., Johnson, C., Geng, L., Favis, R., Boynton, K., Hibi, K., Goodman, S. N., D'Allessio, M., Paty, P., Hamilton, S. R., Sidransky, D., Barany, F., Levin, B., Shuber, A., Kinzler, K. W., Vogelstein, B., Jen, J. Detecting colorectal cancer in stool with the use of multiple genetic targets. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2001; 93(11); 858-65

• 2000 -- Pubmed # 11079912 Johnson, C. M., Johnson, T., Zhang, J. Increasing productivity and reducing errors through usability analysis: a case study and recommendations. Proc AMIA Symp. 2000; 394-8 PMCID: PMC2243897

• 1999 -- Pubmed # 10419446 Steinbach, G., Ford, R., Glober, G., Sample, D., Hagemeister, F. B., Lynch, P. M., McLaughlin, P. W., Rodriguez, M. A., Romaguera, J. E., Sarris, A. H., Younes, A., Luthra, R., Manning, J. T., Johnson, C. M., Lahoti, S., Shen, Y., Lee, J. E., Winn, R. J., Genta, R. M., Graham, D. Y., Cabanillas, F. F. Antibiotic treatment of gastric lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue. An uncontrolled trial. Ann Intern Med. 1999; 131(2); 88-95

• 1999 -- Johnson, C. M. Fecal occult blood testing brochure 1999;

• 1998 -- Pubmed # 9585023 Jen, J., Johnson, C., Levin, B. Molecular approaches for colorectal cancer screening. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 1998; 10(3); 213-7

• 1997 -- Pubmed # 9140267 Levin, B., Hess, K., Johnson, C. Screening for colorectal cancer. A comparison of 3 fecal occult blood tests. Arch Intern Med. 1997; 157(9); 970-6

• 1994 -- Pubmed # 7996525 Allbert, J. R., Johnson, C., Roberts, W. E., Martin, R. W., Gookin, K. S., Morrison, J. C. Tocolysis for recurrent preterm labor using a continuous subcutaneous infusion pump. J Reprod Med. 1994; 39(8); 614-8

• 1990 -- Pubmed # 2359582 Morrison, J. C., Martin, R. W., Johnson, C., Hess, L. W. Characteristics of uterine activity in gestations less than 20 weeks. Obstet Gynecol. July, 1990; 76(1 Suppl); 60S-62S

• 1990 -- Pubmed # 2359576 Watson, D. L., Welch, R. A., Mariona, F. G., Lake, M. F., Knuppel, R. A., Martin, R. W., Johnson, C., Bentley, D. L., Hill, W. C., Fleming, A. D. Management of preterm labor patients at home: does daily uterine activity monitoring and nursing support make a difference? Obstet Gynecol. 1990; 76(1 Suppl); 32S-35S

Grant Funding (selected)

• Diabetes Self-Management & Support LIVE (Learning in Virtual Environments)  
  National Institutes of Health
  1R01-HL118189-01
  06/2013-05/2018
  Role: $513,269
  Project Goal: Evaluate the efficacy of a technologically based bio-behavioral diabetes self-management training and support (DSMT/S) intervention in a virtual environment.

• RENCI Visualization of Multidemensional Data Obtained from a Virtual Environment Intervention  
  Renaissance Computing Institute
  07/2012-06/2013
  Role: Co-PI
  PIs have developed a virtual environment (VE) designed to help patients with Type 2 diabetes understand and control their disease, and have gathered pilot data on a group of adults with Type 2 diabetes, tracking their interactions, how they used resources and educational materials, and the connections made with other users. Preliminary results show VEs have potential to help patients manage their diabetes. RENCI will the PIs to create visualizations across space and time that track oral and text conversations and the movement of avatars as they explore the environment, make choices, and form groups and social networks. By visualizing this data, the researchers hope to understand the social structures that developed in the VE and their impact on patients’ abilities to manage their disease.

• A Three-Month RCT to Sustain Weight-Loss among Obese Persons through Tailored SMS  
  National Institutes of Health
  1F31-NR012599-01
  12/2010-11/2013
  Role: Sponsor of PI Ryan Shaw
  Project goal: To explore the effects of tailored regulatory focus messages sent via mobile telephone on sustaining weight loss among people with obesity.

• eHealth: Second Life Impacts Diabetes Education & Self-Management (SLIDES)  
  National Institutes of Health
  1R21-LM010727-01
  05/2010-05/2012
  Role: Principal Investigator
  Project goal: Develop an immersive diabetes community (SLIDES) in Second Life and assess its feasibility and acceptability.

• Curriculum Development Centers Program  
  Office of the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology (ONC)
  07/2010-06/2012
  Role: Participating Faculty
  Project Goal: Awarded to five domestic institutions of higher education (Duke University, Oregon Health and Science Univ., Univ. Alabama - Birmingham, Johns Hopkins Univ., Columbia Univ.) to develop curriculum and instructional materials to enhance workforce training programs primarily at the community college level. Duke will work with Durham Technical Community College, Pitt Community College, and Rowan-Cabarrus Community College to develop four curriculum components: Health Management Information Systems; Installation and Maintenance of Health IT Systems; Networking and Health Information Exchange; Fundamentals of Health Workflow Process Analysis and Redesign.

• Immersive Learning Environment At Duke (ILE@D)  
  The Duke Endowment, for the Nanaline Duke Trust
  07/2009-06/2014
  Role: Co-Investigator
  Project Goal: To develop the ILE@D platform with a focus on evaluating and applying technology toward improving the reach, scope, and efficacy of learning in medical and nursing education at Duke and beyond.

• NRC D2 HER Information Design and Usability Toolkit  
  Westat, Inc.
  8704.07-S-002
  08/2010-10/2011
  

• Doctor of Nursing Practice  
  Health Resources and Service Administration (HRSA)
  1D09-HP14827
  07/2009-06/2012
  Role: Participating Faculty
  Project Goal: The proposal focuses on transitioning the current MSN Family Nurse Practitioner (FNP) and Adult Nurse Practitioner (ANP) programs to the Doctor of Nursing Practice Program. The goal is to develop, implement, and operate the new DNP program, the first in North Carolina.

• Development of a Model Electronic Health Record Format for Children  
  Westat/AHRQ
  8704.03-S-004
  07/2010-06/2012
  Role: Co-investigator
  Project Goal: Assess existing Pediatric EHR against Model EHR format and develop prototype.

• Health Informatics Workforce Training Program  
  WFT CTSA Supplement: NCRR Admin. Supplements for Research Workforce Development & Dissemination
  UL1-RR024128-04
  07/2009-06/2011
  Role: Co-Investigator
  Project Goal: The purpose of the program is to educate clinicians, administrators and clinical and translational scientists so that they are better able to leverage health informatics tools in their research and clinical care settings.

• Calling for Collaboration: Comparing Communication Devices for Enhanced GME Training and Quality Patient Care  
  Graduate Medical Education Innovation Fund, Duke University
  07/2009-06/2010
  Role: Co-PI
  Project Goal: The goal of this project is to utilize technology in the training of residents and fellows and the collaboration needed for quality efficient patient care.

• The Duke University Nursing Education Program  
  Health Resources and Service Administration (HRSA)
  D09-HP09345-02
  07/2008-07/2011
  Role: Participating Faculty
  Project Goal: To expand and strengthen the current program to prepare Nursing Education Faculty at Duke University School of Nursing.

• Interactive Nursing Education Using Second Life as the 3D Environment  
  Duke Center for Instructional Technology
  3914079
  01/2008-12/2008
  Role: PI
  Project Goal: To establish and pilot Second Life learning environments for students.

• Strategies to Help Inform Colorectal Cancer Risk Magnitudes  
  National Institutes of Health / National Cancer Institute
  1R03-CA132562-01
  09/2007-08/2009
  Role: PI
  Project Goal: To develop an intervention that addresses different dimensions of risk and assess how people’s reactions/understandings on various dimensions are related to intentions to screen for CRC.

• Translation of Computational Risk Model to Consumer-Based Information System for WWW  
  University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
  09/2006-08/2007
  Role: PI
  

• Applying Usability to a Knowledge-Based System  
  National Library of Medicine
  1F38LM007188-01
  07/2001-06/2003
  Role: PI
  Project Goal: To become a double expert in the area of informatics and healthcare through the redesign of genetics tracking system.

• Redesign of a Genetics Tracking Program to Improve Ease and Use and Reduce Errors  
  Texas Higher Education Advanced Research Program
  ATP-011618-0077-199
  07/1999-06/2001
  Role: Investigator
  Project Goal: To employ human factors engineering in the redesign a cancer genetics database.