Publications [#352559] of Charmaine D. Royal

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Essays, Articles, Chapters in Books

  1. Stewart, KA; Parshad-Asnani, M; Wonkam, A; Bollinger, J; Ngo Bitoungui, V; Wonkam-Tingang, E; Powell, J; Desronvil, K; Benson, KRK; Clark, A; Katz, M; Martin, B; Peterseim, C; Williams, C; Young, N; Shah, N; Tanabe, P; Babyak, M; Royal, CDM, "Pain is Subjective": A Mixed-Methods Study of Provider Attitudes and Practices Regarding Pain Management in Sickle Cell Disease Across Three Countries., J Pain Symptom Manage, vol. 61 no. 3 (March, 2021), pp. 474-487 [doi] .
    (last updated on 2024/11/03)

    Abstract:
    CONTEXT: Sickle cell disease (SCD), an autosomal recessive blood disorder, affects millions of people worldwide. Approximately 80% of all cases are located in Africa. OBJECTIVES: This cross-national, interdisciplinary, collaborative study investigated provider attitudes about, and practices for, managing (assessing and treating) SCD pain. METHODS: We conducted 111 quantitative surveys and 52 semistructured interviews with health-care providers caring for adults and/or children with SCD in Cameroon, Jamaica, and the U.S. RESULTS: Applying Haywood's scale for assessing SCD provider attitudes, the Jamaica site scored lower on "Negative Attitudes" than the Cameroonian and U.S. sites (P = 0.03 and <0.001, respectively). Providers at the U.S. site scored lower on "Positive Attitudes" than other sites (P < 0.001). "Red Flag" scores at the Cameroon sites were lower than at other sites (P < 0.001). Qualitative results across all three sites describe the current practices for SCD pain management, as well as the challenges surrounding management for health providers, including pain subjectivity, patient-provider and parent-provider relationships, resource availability, perceptions of drug-seeking behavior, and adherence. Providers also spontaneously offered solutions to reported challenges. CONCLUSION: Overall, findings reveal that SCD provider attitudes toward their patients differed across sites, yet at all three sites, treating SCD pain is multidimensional.